Wire-drawing machine.



H. I.. BENNER. WIRE DRAWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. ISI |918.

1,316,41 1. PaIenIasepI. 16,1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I.

H. L. BENNER.

WIRE DRAWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. le. 191sv Patented Sept. 16, 1919.

H. L. BENNEH.

WIRE DRAWING MACHINE.

APPLlcATloN FILED 001.16.1918'.

1,316,41 1. Patentedsept. 16,1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

H. L. BENNER.

WIRE DRAWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED ocT.1s.1918.

Patented. Sept. 16, 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

H. L. BENNER. WIRE DRAWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT- I. ISIS. 1,3 1 6,41 1 PatentedSept. 16, 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

HENRYr L. BENNECR., 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF TG ROBERT W. WITHINGTON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

WIRE-DRAWIlNG MACHINE.

kSpecification of Letters Patent. Patiented Sept., 16, 1919.

Application led October 16. 1918'. Serial No. 25,350.

the machine can draw fine wire for any purose. p One object of the invention is to provide a machine which will be compact and in which one of the drums is submerged in a lubricant.

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine in which the drums can be mounted one directly below the other with the dies between them, so that one can be entirely l submerged and the other entirely free of the lubricant, thus enabling the machine to be run at maximum speed without splashing the lubricant.

A still further object ofJ the invention is to Provide a machine in which the slippage will only take place on one drum, that being the one submerged in lubricant.

Another object of the invention is to reduce the strain on the wire by providing-a rctarding action rather than a speeding action.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a stop motion which will stop the machine if there is a kink in the wire and to arrange the stop motion so that it will not interfere with the feed of the wire, preventing breakage.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure l is a front view illustrating my improved wire drawing machine;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line 2 2, Fig. l; i

Fig. 2a is a rear view of part of Fig. 2;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged Sectional view on the line 3 3, Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view on the line 4 4, Fig. 3;

Fig.5 is a sectional view on the line 5 5, Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 islan enlarged view of the stop motion, showing the ,parts in the normal position;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, showing the kink inthe wire acting upon the stop motion Fig. e is e View of the Stop moco-n in the f direction of the arrow 8, Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the sheave and arms of the stop motion;

Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the winding ofthe wire on the drums and on the capstan drum when the wire is to be further re duced and Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the winding of the finished Wire on the drums and on a spool. l

Referring to the drawings,v1, 1 are two standards spaced apart which support a bearing frame 2 which is located betweenthe two. standards and carriesthe drawing mechanism. 3 is a horizontal shaft having at one end fast and loose pulleys 4 and 5 around which passesl the driving belt andV this shaft is mounted in bearings 6 and 7. Both of these bearings. are ball bearings of any suitable type and the bearing 6 is se' ceY cured to the front face of the bearing frame l while the rear bearing 7 is secured to a racket^ projecting from the frame. The s aft 3 is prevented from longitudinal in ovement by shoulders, as shown clearly in Fig. 2, and is reduced at its-forward end. On this reduced portion 8 are the sheaves 9, which make up the upper drum 10. These sheaves are grooved, as shown, for the reception of the wire and are loosely mounted on the shaft 3, with the exception of the last sheave 9a which is secured vto the shaft and acts as a capstan. 11 is the lower drum having a smooth surface. It acts as an intermediate capstan and is secured to the shaft 12 located in bearings 13 and 14 carried by boxes 15 and 15a secured to the bearing frame 2, as clearly shown in Fig. 2."

The shaft 12 is positively driven from the Shaft 3 through the gear wheels 16 and 17 and intermediate wheel 18, the latter wheel units of wire can be placed comparatively 105 close together. v21 is a bracket opposite the bracket 2O and has flanges 22a and 23 be-A tween which is located the die 24a. These brackets are located between the upper and lower drums and are submerged in the lubri- 110 being mounted on a stud 19 secured to the 100 stance.

cant in the receptacle 25, which incloses both sets of dies and the lower drum 11. rThis receptacle is mounted upon guide rods 26 secured to the standards 1. i

The lugs on the receptacle are perforated for the passage ofthe rods and in order to reduce the weight of the receptacle, l provide counterweights 30, which are hung from chains 27 which' pass around sprocket wheels 28 and are. connected to the receptacle, as shown in Fig. 1. One' of the sprocket wheels is mounted on a shaft 29 and the other on a shaft 29a. On the shaft 29l is a ratchet wheel 28a with which engages a pawl 28h, which retains the receptacle in the raised position. A shaft 29b having a hand wheel 29c is mounted on the shaft 29 so 'that on turning the hand Wheel and raising the pawl 28", the receptacle can be lowered sufficiently to exposel the dies and, if necessary, can be lowered to a greater depth to expose 'the' lower drum. By this means access can be had either to the dies or to the drum, as desired, but, when the machine isin action, the dies, as well as the drum, are submerged.

The bearings 6, 13 and 14 are lubricated through the tubes 31 from cups 32, while the .l bearing 7 is lubricated from the cup 33. The

interior of the bearing frame is made hollow and any lubricant escaping from the receptacle 25 through the stuiling box will flow through the passage 13a and into the hollow frame 2 and will escape through the passage 14l into the gear chamber 2a in which is the gear 16. The splashing of the lubricant by the gear will indicate that the stufng box` on the shaft 12 should be taken up.

It will be noticed, upon referring to Fig. 5, that the sheaves 9 are grooved. These grooves are rectangular, in the present in- Each sheave has a lateral annular liange 35 which overlaps a low lange'fl34 on the adjoining sheave. This prevents the accidental running of the wire in the space between the sheaves, if the lit be not absolutely accurate.

The wire to be drawn is passed over a sheave 36 on a bracket 37 and over a sheave 38 on a post 39then down past the drum 10 to the first die of the series carried bythe arm 20, then around the drum ll-one or more times, and up around the rst loose sheave 9 of the drum 10, then down through the second die and again around the drum 10,as before.. This is continued until the last die 1s reached, which is carried, in the present yinstance, by the arm 21. If the wire is to be re-annealed, it is passed clear of the upper drum 10 and over a sheave 40 mountedon a stud 41 carried by a bracket 42 to a vertical axis capstan drum 43 which is mounted on a vertical spindle 44 adapted to a. bearing 45 on the frame. On the lower end lof the spindie 44 is a bevel gear wheel 46, which meshes with the bevel gear wheel 47 Secured to the is-laan shaft 3, the parts being so proportioned that the capstan drum 43 will take up the wire as it comes from the die.

The capstan drum 43 is so designed that the lower portion acts as a capstan while the upper portion acts to receive the loose coiled wire which can be bodily removed from the drum for the purpose of annealing. This reeving of the wire is shown clearly in the diagram, Fig. 101.

If the wire be nished after passing through the final or inishing diethen it is wrapped around the sheave 9a one or more times, which becomes a capstan, and then over a traverse guide sheave 48 to a spool 50, as clearly shown in the diagram, Fig. 11.

A spool ismounted on a shaft 5l adapted to bearings 452 in a frame 53 supported on the upper portion of the machine. On the end of the shaft 51 is a grooved pulley 54 around which passes a belt 55 from a grooved Wheel 56 on the shaft 3. An idler 57 is mounted on an arm 57a hung from a projection on the frame. A rod 57 b is attached to the arm and-a spring is mounted on the rod between an adjustable nut 57c and a bearing. By this means more or less tension can be applied to the belt 55, allowing'the shaft to slip when there is an extreme tension on the wire. f p

The guide wheel 48 is a traverse .wheel for winding the wire in layers on the spool 50, .and the arm 49, on which the wheel is mounted, is carried by a rod 58 adapted to bearings 59 on the frame 53 and is actuated by a heart cam 60 and a lever 64 having an arm 62 held in contact with the cam 60 by a spring 63, which is attached to an arm 61 pivoted to the frame of the machine, as shown in Fig. 2. The lever 64 is slotted for `the reception of a pin on a. connectingrod 65 attached to the rod 58 so that, as the cam rotates, the-wheel will be traversed across the face of the spool 50. The cam 60 is mounted on-a shaft 66 driven from a vertical shaft 67 on which is a worm 68 which meshes with a worm wheel 69 on the shaft 66 and at the upper end of the shaft 67 is a worm wheel 70 which meshes with a worm 71 on the shaft 51.

In order to stop the mechanism, in the event of a kink being formed in the wire, I provide a stop mechanism actuated by the kink in the wire as it passes over the guide sheave 36. Referring to Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9, the two arms 72 are mounted on the spindle 73, one arm being mounted on each side of the sheave 36. The arms are so constructed that their 'front ends 74 extend beyond the edge of the sheave, as clearly shown in Fig. 9, and are spaced apart a distance equal to the groove in the sheave and are connected together at their rear ends by a bolt 74. The outer ends of the arms are slightly curved downward, as shown, so as to more readily engage a kink in a wire, when such kink occurs. By this construction, the wire is free to pass the arms 72 through the groove in the sheave 36, as clearly shown in Fig. 6, but if a kink occurs in the wire, as shown in Fig. 7, then it engages the outer ends 74 of the arms as shown in said gure, and turns the arms on their pivots, which action causes the mechanism, which I will now proceed to describe, to stop the machine. The kink eventually passes the arm and the machine usually stops so that .the kink is between the sheave 36 and the sheave 38 in order that the operator may readily remove the kink by bending the wire, after which the machine is reset and is again set in motion.

Attached eccentrically to the spindle 73 by a pin 75, as shown in Fig. 8, is a rod 76, which is connected to an arm 77 on a shaft 78. A spring 76a is attached to the pivot a pin 77l and to a stud in the bracket 37.

This spring tends to return the arms 72 t0 their normal position.

On the shaft 78 isan arm 79 attached to a rod 80 extending to a lever 81 having a set screw 82, which presses upon a latch 83 which releases the shifter rod 84. This shifter rod has arms 85 engaging the belt 86 which passes around either pully 4 or 5, and a spring, as soon as the latch is released,

causes the arms to shift the belt 86 from the fast pulley 4 tothe loose pulley -stopping the machine.

The machine is particularly adapted for drawing line wire, i. e., 'from 14 to 30 B. S. wire gage, or even to 40, and the usual practice has been to draw this wire through dies and over capstans. The ordinary ma chines occupy considerable space. drums are made solid and some are of an even diameter throughout, while others vary in diameter, and there is always;a slippage of the wire on both drums, due to the gradual reduction of the wire which is objectionable on account of wearing out the drum and consumption of power due to friction from the wire slipping.

In my improved machine, one of the drums is made in sections, the sections being loosely mounted on the shaft, with the exception of the section 9a, which is keyed to the shaft, and the slippage only takes place on the other drum which is submerged in a lubricant. The dies can be of the ordinary construction -and mounted in any suitable manner between the two drums, as shown in the drawings. They are usually made ofH chilled iron when larger than 14 B. S. gage, whilegthe ner numbers to 40 B. S. gage are drawn through diamond dies, thediamond being held in a block anda tapered and cylindrical hole of the proper size is drilled in the diamond' for the passage o'f the wire.

Both

Theoperation ofthe machine is as follows:

The wire, after being drawn to a certain' as a capstan, then over the irst grooved sheave of the drum 10 and then through the second dies and around the drum 11 one or more times, as before. This is repeated until the wire finally .passes through the die 24a, then direct to the Sheave 40, skipping the sheave 9a of the drum 1G. Then over the sheave 40 to the drum, which acts as a capstan if the wire is to be annealed and reduced further, but if the wire has reached its final reduction, then it is passed around the sheave 9a of the drum 10 one or more times, the transverse guide vacting as a capstan, then over the traveler-48 an onto the spool 50.

Thus it will be seen that the wire is gradually drawn as it passes through the several dies and as each of the sheaves 9 of the drum 10 is lose on the shaft there is no slippage o'f the wire when passing over the drum 10, the only slippage being when it passes over the drum -11 and, as this drum, as well as the die, is submerged in lubricant the friction is reduced and the liability of breakage` and flattening of the wire is reduced to a minimum. In the event of breakage #between the drum, or if it becomes necessaryV to replace any of the dies, the lubricant receptacle can be readily lowered so as to expose the die and, if necessary, the lower drum. v Y

As above described, if a kink should occur in the wire it strikes the arms 72 which immediately releases the belt shifting mechanism so as to stop the machine without breaking the wire and before the kink has passed to the first die. v

I claim:

1 The combination in a wire drawing machine, of two longitudinal shafts, one located above the other; a drum on the lower shaft; a series of sheaves independently mounted on the other shaft and forming an upper drum; a series of dies located between the two drums; and means for lubricating the lower drum.

2. The combination in a wire drawing machine, oftwo shafts, one located above the other; a vsingle drum on the lofwer shaft; a series of sheaves independently mounted on the upper shaft; a series of dies independently mounted betweenthe drums; and a receptacle for lubricant inv which the lower drum is mounted.

3. The combination in a wire drawing machine, of two shafts, one located above the other; means for driving said shafts, the

upper sha-ft having a series of independent sheaves mounted thereon forming the upper drum; a single drum mounted on the lower shaft; dies located between the two drums;

together; means for driving said shafts; diesl located between the two drums; and means for lubricating the wire passing through the dies and around the lower drum.

5. The combination in a wire drawing machine, of two shafts spaced apart, one shaft being located above the other shaft; a. solid drum mounted on the lower shaft; a sectional drum mounted on the upper shaft, each of the sections being grooved and loose on the shaft with the exception of the last section which is fast on the shaft; means for driving lboth shafts; and dies located between the shafts so that the wire is threaded through the dies and around the drums, the last sheave of the upper drum being fast on the shaft, giving a positive drawing action to the wire, the wire slipping on the lower drum and passing freely over the other sheaves of the upper drum.

6. The combination in a machine for drawingwire, ofV two shafts spaced apart; a drum on each shaft; dies between the drums, one of said drums consisting of a series of sheaves, and all, with the exception of one, 'being loose'on the shaft and capable of being driven at the same speed as the miami cated between the drums and through which the wires pass from the drums; a receptacle for lubricant arranged to allow for the sublmersion of the lower drum and the dies; means for guiding the receptacle; and a 'counterbalance for balancing the receptacle so that it can be lowered in order to expose the dies and the drum.

8. The combination in a wire drawing machine, of two shafts; two drums, one located above the other; dies located between the drums, the upper drum consisting of a se-v ries of grooved sheaves loose on its shaft with the exception of the last sheave'which is secured to the shaft, each Sheave having a high flange and a low flange, the high flange extending laterally and overlapping the low flange of an adjoining sheave, whereby'the space between the sheaves is closed.

9. The combination in a wire drawing machine, of means for drawing the wire; a guide wheel over which the wire passes to the machine; an arm in the path of the wire with which a kink in the wire will engage; stop mechanism for stopping the machine; and means located between the stop mechanism and the arm for actuating the stop mechanism when the arm is moved by the kink in the wire coming in contact with it without 'breaking the wire and allowing the kink to pass.

'In witness whereof I alix my signature.

HENRY L. BENNER. 

